RESUMO
Introducción: la mentoplastia es una herramienta importante en la cirugía estética del tercio inferior de la cara, permite la armonización mediante movimientos del segmento osteotomizado en diferentes planos. Objetivo: describir el análisis prequirúrgico para una mentoplastia en un paciente con anomalía esquelética y macrogenia en las dimensiones vertical y horizontal. Resultados: el análisis concluye una reducción de mentón en dos planos, un procedimiento infrecuente en el manejo quirúrgico del tercio inferior. Discusión: aunque la mayoría de las correcciones realizadas en la actualidad implican un avance o descenso del mentón en casos de retro o microgenia, es importante reconocer otras deformidades y evaluar las proporciones faciales, la oclusión dental, las mediciones cefalométricas y las imágenes fotográficas identificando las necesidades específicas de cada paciente. Conclusión: realizar una correcta identificación de la clase esquelética y un análisis estético facial permite identificar el tipo de deformidad y planificar su manejo quirúrgico.
Introduction: Sliding Genioplasty is an important tool in the aesthetic surgery of the lower third of the face, it allows the harmonization by moving the osteotomi-zed segment in different planes. Objective: to describe the pre-surgical analysis for a Genioplasty in a patient with skeletal anomaly and macrogenia in the vertical and horizontal dimensions. Results: the analysis concludes a chin reduction in two planes, an infrequent procedure in the surgical management of the lower third. Discussion: although most of the corrections made today involve an advance or descent of the chin in cases of retro or microgenia, it is important to recognize other deformities and evaluate facial proportions, dental occlusion, cephalometric measurements and photographic images identifying the specific needs of each pa-tient. Conclusion: performing a correct identification of the skeletal class and an aesthetic facial analysis allows identifying the type of deformity and planning its surgical management.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , FemininoRESUMO
To justify the continuous use of two million tons of asbestos every year, it has been argued that a safe/controlled use can be achieved. The aim of this review was to identify recent scientific studies that present empirical evidence of: 1) health consequences resulting from past asbestos exposures and 2) current asbestos exposures resulting from asbestos use. Articles with evidence that could support or reject the safe/controlled use argument were also identified. A total of 155 articles were included in the review, and 87 % showed adverse asbestos health consequences or high asbestos exposures. Regarding the safe/controlled use, 44 articles were identified, and 82 % had evidence suggesting that the safe/controlled use is not being achieved. A large percentage of articles with evidence that support the safe/controlled use argument have a conflict of interest declared. Most of the evidence was developed in high-income countries and in countries that have already banned asbestos.
